1. As per NSSO (National Sample Survey Organization) the participation of women's employment participation grew from 26% in 2000 to 31% in 2005 in India. The women participation in rural areas is 14 percentage points higher than rural women. But it is still much lower as compared to other developing countries and much below the ideal level of a ratio of 1:1. The bulk of women work force is still confined to primary sector.
2. Working women can be broadly classified into six different categories:-
(a) Those who opt for a full time career.
(b) Those who opt for a full time career as a housewife.
(c) Those who opt for a career but opt out at a later stage to raise a family and do not come back and settle down as a housewife.
(d) Those who opt for a career and again opt out to raise a family and later enter or wish to enter the workforce once the children grow up.
(e) Those who take up the job due to some constraints, viz, financial, family, additional income or large family and later leave it once the constraints are no longer there.
(f) Woman who opt for a career as they have the family support or belong to a joint family and retain it as long as the the support is there but later opt out as they find it difficult once family support or joint family does not exist.
3. A large number of women are entering the work force but it is seen that the number of rural women who opt for a job are more than the educated ones. More of educated women are not opting for a career. A urban woman leaves the job at a age group of 33- 44 years but for the rural woman the peak occurs at an age of 49 years.
4. In India some attention is paid to the women who opt for a full time career but they rise and occupy the higher posts on their own terms and by virtue of their sheer will power and determination. Recently some attention is paid in banking and IT sectors to the women who opt out to raise a family and want to return back to work after some time. These measures are basically either in the form of long leave without pay or in term of either working from home or flexi- hours working. As a Indian we are very poor in discipline while working flexi- hours and still need to develop an attitude and mentality for it. But it is the other categories where hardly any attention is paid either by the organization or by the family.
5. If we wish to make any significant improvement in the women work force then we need to look at the categories of working women seriously. One time actions such as maternity leave, long leave of absence and working flexi- time only addresses certain categories of working women. What is needed is to understand the problem and difficulties faced in each category and then try to address each category as a unique om one rather than addressing them all together.
2. Working women can be broadly classified into six different categories:-
(a) Those who opt for a full time career.
(b) Those who opt for a full time career as a housewife.
(c) Those who opt for a career but opt out at a later stage to raise a family and do not come back and settle down as a housewife.
(d) Those who opt for a career and again opt out to raise a family and later enter or wish to enter the workforce once the children grow up.
(e) Those who take up the job due to some constraints, viz, financial, family, additional income or large family and later leave it once the constraints are no longer there.
(f) Woman who opt for a career as they have the family support or belong to a joint family and retain it as long as the the support is there but later opt out as they find it difficult once family support or joint family does not exist.
3. A large number of women are entering the work force but it is seen that the number of rural women who opt for a job are more than the educated ones. More of educated women are not opting for a career. A urban woman leaves the job at a age group of 33- 44 years but for the rural woman the peak occurs at an age of 49 years.
4. In India some attention is paid to the women who opt for a full time career but they rise and occupy the higher posts on their own terms and by virtue of their sheer will power and determination. Recently some attention is paid in banking and IT sectors to the women who opt out to raise a family and want to return back to work after some time. These measures are basically either in the form of long leave without pay or in term of either working from home or flexi- hours working. As a Indian we are very poor in discipline while working flexi- hours and still need to develop an attitude and mentality for it. But it is the other categories where hardly any attention is paid either by the organization or by the family.
5. If we wish to make any significant improvement in the women work force then we need to look at the categories of working women seriously. One time actions such as maternity leave, long leave of absence and working flexi- time only addresses certain categories of working women. What is needed is to understand the problem and difficulties faced in each category and then try to address each category as a unique om one rather than addressing them all together.
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